Tru Test Battery Charger 1 J User Manual

Contents  
Models covered by this manual  
This manual covers various energizer models:  
1 J model  
2 J model  
3 J model  
1000 / X1 / 401  
2000 / X2 / 402  
3000 / X3 / 403  
Warning!  
-
USA and Canada - To reduce the risk of electric  
shock, the energizer’s power adaptor has a  
polarised plug (one blade is wider than the other).  
This plug will fit in a polarised outlet one way. If the  
plug does not fit fully in the outlet, reverse the plug.  
If it still does not fit, contact a qualified electrician  
to install the proper outlet. Do not change the plug  
in any way.  
-
-
-
-
Switch the energizer off before installation or  
performing any work on the fence.  
Read all the safety considerations carefully. See  
Safety considerations on page 9.  
Check your installation to ensure that it complies  
with all local safety regulations.  
Do not connect simultaneously to a fence and to  
any other device such as a cattle trainer or a poultry  
trainer. Otherwise, lightning striking your fence will  
be conducted to all other devices.  
© 2006 Tru-Test Limited.  
All product names and brand names in this document are trademarks or  
registered trademarks of their respective holders.  
No part of this publication may be photocopied, reproduced, stored in a  
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,  
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written  
permission of Tru-Test Limited. Product specifications may change without  
prior notice.  
-
Use only the mains/line power adaptor or battery  
leads supplied with this energizer or a genuine  
replacement part.  
For more information about the Tru-Test range of quality products, see  
Tru-Test Limited  
25 Carbine Road  
Mt Wellington  
Auckland 1060  
New Zealand  
Postal address:  
P O Box 51078  
Pakuranga  
Manukau 2140  
New Zealand  
Note:  
-
This product has been designed for use with electric  
animal fences.  
810010 Issue 2 11/06  
-
Keep this manual in a handy location.  
1
 
Installing the energizer inside  
Installing the energizer outside  
The energizer must be installed inside when being  
powered by the mains/line power supply.  
The energizer may be installed outside, powered by a  
battery.  
Warning!  
Warning! Do not power the energizer with the  
mains/line power supply if it is being installed outside.  
-
-
Do not use a mains/line power extension lead.  
Allow 25 mm of clear space around the mains/line  
power adaptor.  
To install the energizer outside:  
To install the energizer inside:  
1
Select a suitable installation site. See Selecting a  
site for the installation on page 2.  
1
Select a suitable installation site. See Selecting a  
site for the installation on page 2.  
2
Hang the energizer on a fence wire or mount the  
energizer on a post. Use the template printed on  
the back cover of this manual, if required.  
2
Mount the energizer on a wall. Use the template  
printed on the back cover of this manual, if  
required.  
3
4
5
Connect the Fence earth terminal (green) to the  
earthing system.  
3
4
5
Connect the Fence earth terminal (green) to the  
earthing system.  
Connect the Fence output terminal (red) to the  
fence.  
Connect the Fence output terminal (red) to the  
fence.  
Connect the energizer to the battery using the  
battery leads. Attach the + (red) clip to the positive  
terminal of the battery, and the – (black) clip to its  
negative terminal.  
Connect the energizer to the mains/line power  
using the mains/line power adaptor.  
Note: If required, this energizer can be used as part of a  
solar installation, by connecting it to a battery and solar  
panel(s). For information about solar installations, refer to  
the product's website (see packaging for details).  
Note: If the energizer is being installed inside, it may be  
powered by a battery instead of the mains/line power  
supply, if required.  
3
 
Operation  
Select the pulse speed setting using the pulse speed switch.  
Pulse speed switch  
Setting  
Description  
Off  
The energizer is off and is not operating.  
Fast with  
Battery Test  
The energizer continues to operate at Fast speed (approximately 1.5 seconds between pulses),  
but the Indicator lights show the battery level. See Battery test setting on page 5 for an  
explanation of the Indicator lights.  
Slow  
The energizer is operating at Slow speed (approximately 2.5 seconds between pulses).  
Fast - Day  
Slow - Night  
The energizer is operating on Fast setting during the day and Slow setting at night. This setting  
is for diurnal livestock and is a useful way of conserving battery power when a battery is being  
used to power the energizer.  
Slow - Day  
Fast - Night  
The energizer is operating on Slow setting during the day and Fast setting at night. This setting  
is for nocturnal livestock and is a useful way of conserving battery power when a battery is  
being used to power the energizer.  
Fast  
The energizer is operating at Fast speed (approximately 1.5 seconds between pulses).  
Reading voltage  
The Indicator lights show the voltage at the output terminals of the energizer.  
When first connected to the power source, all the Indicator lights illuminate. They then illuminate separately from left to  
right and back again. This indicates that the energizer is operating normally.  
After three seconds, the energizer starts pulsing. Each Indicator light segment represents an increment of approximately  
1 kV (1000 V) of output voltage. For example, if the first four Indicator light segments are illuminated at each pulse, the  
output voltage is approximately 4 kV (4000 V).  
Note: If five Indicator light segments are illuminated, the output voltage may be more than 5 kV (5000 V).  
After about 20 seconds, the energizer ceases to display the output voltage and one Indicator light segment illuminates  
each time the energizer pulses.  
If you see only red lights at each pulse and no green lights, your fence line is very heavily loaded, and you will need to look  
for faults on the fence line. See Frequently asked questions/Troubleshooting on page 10.  
4
 
 
Battery test setting  
When the energizer is connected to a battery and the pulse speed switch is set to 'Fast with Battery Test' ( ) the  
Indicator lights show the charge level of the battery. The battery test is only relevant when a lead-acid battery is used.  
Lights  
Battery-only installation  
Excellent battery charge level (90-100%):  
No action required.  
Very good battery charge level (70-90%):  
No action required.  
Average battery charge level (40-70%):  
Monitor battery charge level.  
Recharge the battery to avoid long-term damage to the battery.  
Poor battery charge level (20-40%):  
Monitor battery charge level.  
Recharge the battery to avoid long-term damage to the battery.  
Very poor battery charge level (0-20%):  
Recharge the battery immediately.  
Battery selection and management  
This section refers exclusively to rechargeable, lead-acid batteries, for example car, tractor, truck, marine or specialist  
deep-cycle batteries.  
The size of battery you select will depend on the model of energizer you have and the pulse speed switch position you use  
most frequently. Refer to Operation on page 4 for an explanation of the function of the pulse speed switch.  
Battery selection  
As a guide, the amp hour (Ah) rating of the 12 V lead-acid battery required for each model is shown below. This table is  
based on a 21 day operating period between battery charging. Although operating time can exceed 21 days, this is likely  
to cause battery damage and will necessitate frequent replacement of the battery. For best system reliability and long term  
battery life, the preferred battery and charging regime is to use a deep-cycle, lead-acid battery and to recharge it when it  
has discharged to about half-way. For more information on testing battery charge level, see Battery test setting above.  
Energizer Model  
Pulse speed switch position  
Current required  
Battery capacity  
1 J model  
Fast  
Slow  
90 mA  
55 mA  
90 Ah  
55 Ah  
2 J model  
3 J model  
Fast  
Slow  
170 mA  
105 mA  
170 Ah  
105 Ah  
Fast  
Slow  
280 mA  
170 mA  
280 Ah  
170 Ah  
Warning! A rechargeable 12 V lead-acid battery must be used.  
5
 
 
Battery safety  
Battery management  
Ensure that the battery is well ventilated when  
recharging.  
Warning! Batteries contain harmful chemicals and  
when used incorrectly, may cause injury. Observe the  
guidelines for battery care, maintenance and safety in  
this manual and in the documentation supplied with  
your battery.  
Avoid temperatures greater than 50 °C (120 °F).  
Ensure the battery is not exposed to naked flame or  
sparks.  
Building a permanent electric fence  
Battery charging  
Components of an electric fence  
Warning!  
An electric fence system comprises the following  
elements:  
-
Do not attempt to recharge a non-rechargeable  
battery.  
-
When recharging a battery, ensure that there is  
adequate ventilation to allow gases to disperse.  
An energizer.  
An earth system. This comprises a number of metal  
rods inserted into the ground, which are connected  
to the Fence earth terminal on the energizer.  
Regular recharging of the battery is essential. Use a  
suitably rated battery charger and refer to the battery  
manufacturer’s recommendations.  
Insulated underground cables. Used to connect the  
energizer to the earth and fence.  
An insulated fence. Connected to the Fence output  
terminal of the energizer. Fences can be made to a  
variety of designs (see below).  
1
2
Disconnect the battery from the energizer.  
Attach the positive (+) battery charger lead to the  
positive terminal of the battery, and the negative (–)  
battery charger lead to the negative terminal on the  
battery.  
Other useful components that can be added:  
Cut-out switches. Installed at regular  
intervals, these allow you to isolate sections  
of the fence for repair.  
3
4
Insert the battery charger's input power plug into a  
mains or line socket and turn on the power supply.  
Lightning diverter kit. Used to minimise the  
damage to your energizer from lightning  
conducted down the fence line.  
After the battery is charged, disconnect it from the  
battery charger before connecting it to the  
energizer.  
Typical installation  
Caution! Over-charging the battery will reduce its  
life. Do not exceed the recommendations of the  
battery manufacturer on recharging the battery from a  
mains-powered (line-powered) source.  
The animal receives a shock when it completes a circuit  
between the fence and the earth system. The fence below  
has all live wires and requires conductive soils. These  
fences are often referred to as 'all-live' or 'earth-return'  
fences.  
Battery care and maintenance  
House the battery in a suitably designed battery  
box, if the battery is likely to be exposed to the  
weather.  
When not in use, keep the battery as fully charged  
as possible.  
Recharge a discharged battery as soon as possible.  
Batteries should be stored fully charged and  
recharged at regular intervals (every 8 weeks)  
Alternative installation  
Inspect the battery regularly to ensure that the  
electrolyte level does not fall below 12 mm (½")  
above the surface of the battery plates.  
For poor conductivity soils (dry or sandy), a 'fence-return'  
or 'earth-wire-return' system is recommended. On these  
fences the Fence earth terminal is connected directly to at  
least one of the fence wires. The animal gets maximum  
shock from touching a live and earth wire at the same  
time.  
Fill using deionised, distilled or rain water. Do not  
overfill. Refer to the battery manufacturer’s  
recommendations for more information.  
6
 
 
15 m (49') spacing with droppers  
Fence designs  
Wild animals  
7 wire, 10 m (33') spacing with droppers  
Fences can be constructed to suit the type of livestock and  
materials available. Discuss with your reseller which  
design best suits your needs. Some suggested fence  
configurations are below.  
Cattle and horses  
10-15 m (33-49') spacing, posts only  
End assemblies  
Angle stay  
Suitable for field gate, high-tension strainer.  
After firmly setting the footed strainer in the ground, dig  
in the stay block just below ground level, at a distance to  
ensure the angle stay will be held snugly in position. The  
stay can be levered into position with a spade.  
15-20 m (49-65') spacing with droppers  
All-live system  
Sheep, goats, cattle and horses  
10 m (33') spacing, posts only  
Earth-return system  
7
 
4
5
Using a voltmeter, ensure that the fence voltage is  
below 2 kV.  
Horizontal stay  
Suitable for field gate, high-tension strainer.  
Check your earth system. Insert the voltmeter's  
earth probe into the ground at the full extent of the  
lead, and clip the other lead to the last earth rod.  
The voltmeter should not read more than 0.3 kV.  
Anything higher than this indicates that better  
earthing is required. Either add more earth rods or  
find a better ground area to drive in the earth rods.  
Very simple to erect and most suitable as a high tension  
strainer, excellent in areas where the soil gets very wet or  
where heavy frost occurs.  
Note: When earthing energizers located in dairies, earth  
at least 20 m (65') away from the dairy using double-  
insulated wire to avoid touching the dairy building or  
equipment.  
Installing and testing an earth system  
Select a suitable site for the earth system. Sites need to  
be:  
At least 10 m (33') from other earth systems (e.g.  
telephone, mains power or the earth system of  
another energizer).  
Away from stock or other traffic that could interfere  
with the installation.  
At a site that can be easily observed for  
maintenance.  
Temporary electric fencing  
Ideally at a site that has damp soil (e.g. a shaded or  
swampy location). Note that the earth does not  
need to be directly adjacent to the energizer  
installation.  
A temporary fence can be quickly erected and easily  
moved allowing the farmer to:  
Make smaller paddocks (fields)  
Keep herds of animals separated  
Ration feed  
Drive the required number of earth rods into the ground.  
Use high-voltage, insulated cable and earth clamps to  
continuously connect the earth rods and the energizer's  
Fence earth terminal. Make sure the insulation is stripped  
back to ensure good contact between the wire and the  
earth rod. The table below specifies the minimum number  
of 2 m (6'6") earth rods recommended for an earthing  
system:  
Note: Use more wires for smaller animals and wild  
animals. Politape should be used when greater visibility is  
required (e.g. horses).  
An example of a temporary fence is shown below.  
Energizer  
1 J model  
2 J model  
3 J model  
Earth rods  
1
2
3
Test the earth system, using the following procedure:  
1
2
Turn off the energizer.  
At least 100 m (330') away from the energizer,  
short circuit the fence by laying several steel rods or  
lengths of pipe against the fence. For best results,  
the fence voltage should be lowered to 2000 V or  
less. In dry or sandy conditions, it may be necessary  
to drive the rods up to 300 mm (12") into the earth.  
Note: It is not acceptable to short-circuit a fence  
return system to the earth wire of the fence.  
3
Turn the energizer back on.  
8
 
 
This energizer is not intended for use by young children or  
by infirm persons without supervision.  
Safety considerations  
Definition of special terms  
Young children should be supervised to ensure that they  
do not play with the energizer.  
Energizer An appliance that is intended to periodically  
deliver voltage impulses to a fence connected to it.  
Electric animal fence constructions that are likely to lead  
to the entanglement of animals or persons shall be  
avoided.  
Fence – A barrier for animals or for the purpose of  
security, comprising one or more conductors such as metal  
wires, rods or rails.  
An electric animal fence shall not be supplied from two  
separate energizers or from independent fence circuits of  
the same energizer.  
Electric fence – A barrier which includes one or more  
electric conductors, insulated from earth, to which electric  
pulses are applied by an energizer.  
For any two separate electric animal fences, each supplied  
from a separate energizer independently timed, the  
distance between the wires of the two electric animal  
fences shall be at least 2.5 m (8'). If this gap is to be  
closed, this shall be effected by means of electrically non-  
conductive material or an isolated metal barrier.  
Fence circuit All conductive parts or components within  
an energizer that are connected or are intended to be  
connected, galvanically, to the output terminals.  
Earth electrode Metal structure that is driven into the  
ground near an energizer and connected electrically to the  
Fence earth terminal of the energizer, and that is  
independent of other earthing arrangements.  
Barbed wire or razor wire shall not be electrified by an  
energizer.  
A non-electrified fence incorporating barbed wire or razor  
wire may be used to support one or more offset electrified  
wires of an electric animal fence. The supporting devices  
for the electrified wires shall be constructed so as to  
ensure that these wires are positioned at a minimum  
distance of 150 mm (6") from the vertical plane of the  
non-electrified wires. The barbed wire and razor wire shall  
be earthed at regular intervals.  
Connecting lead An electric conductor, used to connect  
the energizer to the electric fence or the earth electrode.  
Electric animal fence An electric fence used to contain  
animals within or exclude animals from a particular area.  
Electric security fence – A fence used for security purposes  
which comprises an electric fence and a physical barrier  
electrically isolated from the electric fence.  
Follow our recommendations regarding earthing. See  
Installing and testing an earth system on page 8.  
Physical barrier – A barrier not less than 1.5 m (5') high  
intended to prevent inadvertent contact with the pulsed  
conductors of the electric fence. Physical barriers are  
typically constructed from vertical sheeting, rigid vertical  
bars, rigid mesh, rods or chainwire mesh.  
A distance of at least 10 m (33') shall be maintained  
between the energizer earth electrode and any other  
earthing system connected parts such as the power supply  
system protective earth or the telecommunication system  
earth.  
Public access area Any area where persons are  
protected from inadvertent contact with pulsed  
conductors by a physical barrier.  
Connecting leads that are run inside buildings shall be  
effectively insulated from the earthed structural parts of  
the building. This may be achieved by using insulated high  
voltage cable.  
Pulsed conductors Conductors which are subjected to  
high voltage pulses by the energizer.  
Secure area The side of an electric security fence where  
a person may come into contact with the electric fence,  
without the protection of a physical barrier.  
Connecting leads that are run underground shall be run in  
conduit of insulating material or else insulated high  
voltage cable shall be used. Care must be taken to avoid  
damage to the connecting leads due to the effects of  
animal hooves or vehicle wheels sinking into the ground.  
Requirements for electric animal fences  
Connecting leads shall not be installed in the same  
conduit as the mains supply wiring, communication cables  
or data cables.  
Electric animal fences and their ancillary equipment shall  
be installed, operated and maintained in a manner that  
minimises danger to persons, animals or their  
surroundings.  
Connecting leads and electric animal fence wires shall not  
cross above overhead power or communication lines.  
Warning! Avoid contacting electric fence wires  
especially with the head, neck or torso. Do not climb  
over, through or under a multi-wire electric fence. Use  
a gate or a specially designed crossing point.  
Crossings with overhead power lines shall be avoided  
wherever possible. If such a crossing cannot be avoided it  
shall be made underneath the power line and as nearly as  
possible at right angles to it.  
9
 
 
If connecting leads and electric animal fence wires are  
installed near an overhead power line, the clearances shall  
not be less than those shown in the table below.  
Ensure that all mains-operated, ancillary equipment  
connected to the electric animal fence circuit provides a  
degree of isolation between the fence circuit and the  
supply mains equivalent to that provided by the energizer.  
Minimum clearances from power lines for electric animal  
fences  
Protection from the weather shall be provided for the  
ancillary equipment unless this equipment is certified by  
the manufacturer as being suitable for use outdoors, and  
is of a type with a minimum degree of protection IPX4.  
Power line voltage  
1000 V  
Clearance  
3 m (10')  
4 m (13')  
8 m (27')  
>1000 V to 33,000 V  
>33,000 V  
Frequently asked  
If connecting leads and electric animal fence wires are  
installed near an overhead power line, their height above  
the ground shall not exceed 3 m (10'). This height applies  
to either side of the orthogonal projection of the  
outermost conductors of the power line on the ground  
surface, for a distance of:  
questions/Troubleshooting  
What voltage is required to control animals?  
4 kV is widely accepted as the recommended minimum  
voltage to control animals. However, you also require a  
well constructed fence system to ensure that animals  
cannot push through electrified wires.  
2 m (6'6") for power lines operating at a nominal  
voltage not exceeding 1000 V.  
15 m (50') for power lines operating at a nominal  
voltage exceeding 1000 V.  
The fence voltage is below 4 kV. How do I  
increase the voltage?  
Electric animal fences intended for deterring birds,  
household pet containment or training animals such as  
cows need only be supplied from low output energizers to  
obtain satisfactory and safe performance.  
Check the energizer. Disconnect the fence wire from the  
energizer's fence output terminal. Measure the voltage  
across the energizer terminals with a Fault Finder or  
Digital Voltmeter. If the voltage is less than 6 kV, the  
energizer may require servicing.  
In electric animal fences intended for deterring birds from  
roosting on buildings, no electric fence wire shall be  
connected to the energizer earth electrode. A warning  
sign shall be fitted to every point where persons may gain  
ready access to the conductors.  
Check the energizer earthing. Use the procedure described  
in Installing and testing an earth system on page 8.  
Where an electric animal fence crosses a public pathway,  
a non-electrified gate shall be incorporated in the electric  
animal fence at that point or a crossing by means of stiles  
shall be provided. At any such crossing, the adjacent  
electrified wires shall carry warning signs.  
Check the fence system for faults. The most common  
source of low voltage is faults on the fence line.  
If the fence, earth and energizer are in good condition and  
the voltage is still below 4 kV, talk to your nearest  
reseller. Recent extensions to your fence, a poor fence  
layout, or soil conditions may be causing inadequate  
voltage.  
Any part of an electric animal fence that is installed along  
a public road or pathway shall be identified at frequent  
intervals by warning signs securely fastened to the fence  
posts or firmly clamped to the fence wires.  
How do I locate faults?  
The size of the warning sign shall be at least  
100x200 mm (4x8").  
The recommended tool for locating faults is a Fault Finder.  
This combined voltage and current meter allows you to  
rapidly locate sources of current leakage. Alternatively,  
use a Digital Voltmeter. Use cut-out switches to turn off  
the power to different sections of the farm. If the voltage  
on the fence increases when a section of the farm is  
turned off, then investigate that section for possible faults.  
The background colour of both sides of the warning  
sign shall be yellow. The inscription on the sign  
shall be black and shall be either:  
There are no lights flashing on the energizer.  
or the substance of "CAUTION: Electric animal  
fence".  
Check the power supply to ensure that the power is  
switched on. Check the fence system for faults (see  
above). Check the energizer (see above). If the energizer  
still does not operate, it may require servicing.  
The inscription shall be indelible, inscribed on both  
sides of the warning sign and have a height of at  
least 25 mm (1").  
10  
 
 
Servicing  
This energizer contains no user serviceable parts. It must be returned to an authorised service centre for repair. This  
energizer uses Double Insulation, where two systems of insulation are provided instead of grounding. No equipment  
grounding means is provided in the supply cord of a double-insulated energizer, nor should a means for equipment  
grounding be added to the energizer. Servicing a double-insulated energizer requires extreme care and knowledge of the  
system and should only be done by qualified service personnel. Replacement parts for a double-insulated energizer must  
be identical to the parts they replace. A double-insulated energizer is marked with the words DOUBLE INSULATION or  
DOUBLE INSULATED and/or the symbol below.  
Product specifications  
1 J model  
2 J model  
3 J model  
Power supply  
12 V battery,  
110-120 V, 60 Hz (115 V models) or  
220-240 V, 50 Hz (230 V models)  
Power consumption using a power adaptor  
2.0 W  
3.2 W  
4.8 W  
Current consumption using a 12 V, lead-acid battery  
Fast speed  
Slow speed  
95 mA  
60 mA  
180 mA  
110 mA  
290 mA  
175 mA  
Maximum output voltage  
Maximum output energy  
Stored energy  
9.8 kV  
11.0 kV  
2 J at 300 Ω  
2.7 J  
11.4 kV  
3 J at 200 Ω  
4.5 J  
1 J at 500 Ω  
1.4 J  
Warranty  
This product is warranted against faulty material and workmanship for a period from the date of purchase. If a warranted  
defect occurs, return this product with proof of purchase to the place of purchase. Details of warranty periods and other  
terms applying are available at the place of purchase or at www.tru-test.com.  
Note:  
-
No responsibility is accepted for any accident or damage caused subsequent to any tampering with or modification to  
or misuse of this product, including (but not limited to) alterations made by anyone other than Tru-Test or its agents.  
To the maximum extent permitted by law, this warranty is exclusive, personal to you and in lieu of all other  
warranties, representations or conditions relating to this product (whether express or implied and whenever arising)  
hether originating by statute, law, trade, custom or otherwise.  
-
11  
 
 
 

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